Receiver-barrel assembly with stock and trigger housing



Oct. 20, 1964 H. D. ALLYN A 3,153,295

RECEIVER-BARREL ASSEMBLY WITH sTocx AND TRIGGER HOUSING Original Filed May 19, 1959 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 K t: N

INVENTOR.

H. D. ALLYN Oct. 20, 1964 RECEIVER-BARREL ASSEMBLY WITH sTocK AND TRIGGER HOUSING original Filed May 19.41959 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 n. n \u ATTORNEY.

H. D. ALLYN Oct. 20, 1964 RECEIVER-BARREL ASSEMBLY WITH STOCK AND TRIGGER HOUSING 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Original Filed May 19, 1959 ATTORNEY.

H. D. ALLYN Oct. 20, 1964 RECEIVER-BARREL ASSEMBLY WITH STOCK AND TRIGGER HOUSING 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 l Original Filed May 19, 1959 @14j/4,72.' BY

ATTORNEY.

H. D. ALLYN Oct. 20, 1964 RECEIVER-BARREL ASSEMBLY WITH STOCK AND TRIGGER HOUSING Original Filed May 19, 1959 5 She'ets-Sheet 5 SSN SNN

NSS

Il QNN Si SS @uw i vwm @uw IN VEN TOR.

ATTORNEY.

United States Patent t) Continuation of applicationSei'.A No. 814,219,1May'19;

1959, now Patent No. 3,679,718, lated-Marr5,l i963. This application Sept. 18, 1961, Ser. hlm-133,831

s claims. (SL42-75) This invention relates to improvements andxstructural refinements in breech loading firearms oftheinertia block, blow-back, semi-automatic type.

Cogna'te subject matter not claimed` herein is embraced in my companion Patent 3,079,718, issued Mar. 5,V 1963, of which this application is a continuation.

The invention resides in the particular arrangement, construction and relationship of certain components of firearms of the above defined type, as exemplified in the detailed disclosure hereinafter set forth, wherein the below recited objects will be apparent. p

Essentially, the invention comprehends the employment of a hammer having a sear notch whichv is in direct contact with the sear point of a trigger wherein, as the harnmer is cocked by the recoil of ring, jthe sear point of the trigger becomes deeply engaged in the sear notch of the hammer, and as the trigger is released and the weapon is about to be iired again, the trigger sear point is in shallow contact with the hammer sear so as 'to offer a short crisp pull free from creep.

A primary object hereof is to provide a basic firearm.

mechanism by means of which a manufacturer may be able to produce two firearms for the tooling costs of one wherefore, as desired, either a small game or plinking semi-automatic rifle or a semi-automatic target or plinking pistol incorporating said-basic mechanism may be provided, all with relatively small tooling costs being necessitated in any change-over from the production of one to the other.

The invention is described herein with particular reference to semi-automatic rifles and pistols, without separate scar or disconnector mechanisms, but it will be appreciated that its principles of design and their application extend beyond the particular types illustrated and envision their' incorporation in types of firearms, other than semi-automatic rifles and pistols, either gas or recoil operated, and.

of the pump, lever or othertypes.

The mechanism embodying the essenceof ,the invention has been designed with attendant manufacturing problems being borne fully in mind so as to.- offer vveaporrswhichV are simple in their construction, the usual complexity ofy components having been greatly reduced to oder a fundamentally new concept in the combining andcoacting of parts.

By the present invention, I provide advantageous structural and operational features in firearms leadingto their.

adaptability to economical manufacture, efficiency and dependability in operational use, and ready accessibility for maintenance and replacement purposes, all resulting..

seats sutliciently deeply into said variable contact Sear notch so as not to disengage therefrom during counter recoil.

Such deep seated contact, under the conditions exemplitied in known prior art constructions, gives rise to an objectionably long, heavy and creepy trigger pull.y However, by the arrangement hereof, when the trigger is 3,153,295 Patented Oct. 20, 1964 ICC actuated forwardly, preparatory `to-1iring, the scar-point.V of thel trigger slides fromsaid'ldeep contact to a rela tively shallow contact, all to the-endf that-only a short,- light, crispy-pull of'the Atrigger-is ,required yfor-fthe'iiring operation.

Bytheconstruction herein-contemplated, during theshock period of autoloading, thetrigger-is in contact withf a relatively .large area ofthe said-variable contactsear notch, and thereby considerable of -thenormal 'component wear, so objec'tionable'in prior-art devices is avoided.`

Too, all of such-action is-accornplishedfwithoutthe employment of manyofthe-components mandatory .in prior art constructions.

As one salient feature of theinvention, I provide a4 bedding plate and cooperating assembly fscrewof. such configurationI that I amableto maintainzthe receiverbarrel assembly, housing assembly, ejector, magazine.y catch, and` stock, in aunitarylocked-together relation, without any direct contact be'tween the housing assemblyand assembly screwand-"in manner whereby the. components can be readily disassembled without tools save for. a screw driver, coin, or like-implementsusedY to remove the said assembly screw.

To the accomplishment of all of the above ends -and. such others as will be pointed 'out hereinafter,` the invention intended to be protected by Letters-Patent will be understood to. comprise the features set forth` hereinand in. the annexed drawings illustrating certain physical embodiments ofthe invention arrangedand combined inaccordance with modes which I have devised forthe. practical application of thefprinciples hereof;

Itis to be understood, however, that this is` onlyz'indicative ofbut two of thev various vways inrvwhich: the. principles of the invention may be` employed and infwhich: the component parts may becombined. In"other.w,ords, the precise constructionsof the drawingsneed notibe. slavis'hly followed. Conceivably, certain components might haveto be modified in accordance with a particular use to which the iirearmis to be put. Changes, `modications and alterations are obviously contemplated'and; may be made and resort had to substitutions, .all within: the spirit and scope hereof.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a vertical longitudinal `cross-sectional view. taken through a breech mechanism of 'a' semi-automaticA pistol of the invention, with thevv breech bolt thereof-.inthe rearward or retracted position;

FIG. 2 is a vertical longitudinal cross-sectionalview. taken through a breech` rnechanismcfa semi-automaticrifle of the invention, with the breech; bolt thereofzin the, forward or battery position and with Ythe hammerrcocked;A

FIG. 3 is a sectional viewon the line-f3f-3 tof;FIG.2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view on Athe line 4-1-4 fofFIG; l;

FIG. 5 is a sectional viewton the line.5-.-5 ofrFIG. .2.;

FIG. 6 is a top plan view of thepistol 'shown ini FIG. l;

FIG. 7 is a bottom plan viewof the pistol receiver;

FIGS.l 8 and `9 are front end and'top,planrviews-respectively of the rear cap;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view ofthefiringjpin;

FIGS. 1l and 12,are side elevational and top planwiews: respectively of the housing assembly;

FIG. 13 `isa top plan'view of the. bedding plate;

F-IG. 14 is-a longitudinal sectional .view'soffthebreechf bolt; v

FIG. 15' is a sectional view. onV theflineelS-lrof;

FIG. 14; l

FIG. 16 is a front end elevational view of the breech? bolt shown in FIG. 14;

FIG. 17 is a partial sectionalV .view on the line.l 17?-17 of FIG. 16 showing the frontend portion of `the. breech-Z bolt; Y

FIGS. 18, 19, and 21 are perspective views of the safety, ejector, magazine catch, and extractor respectively;

FIGS. 22-24 are fragmentary elevational views of the hammer-trigger mechanism as applied to a rifle and showing the relationship of certain components during various stages of the firing cycle;

FIGS. 25-28 are fragmentary elevational views of the hammer-trigger mechanism as applied to a pistol and showing the relationship of certain components during various stages of the firing cycles;

FIG. 29 is an elevational view of the forward end face of the trigger shown in FIG. 22;

FIG. 30 is a top plan View of the hammer spring;

FIG. 3l is a sectional view on the line 31-31 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 32 is a view on the line 32-32 or" FIG. 5;

FIG. 33 is a View on the line 33-33 of FIG. 5 with the bolt handle removed;

FIG. 34 is a fragmentary sectional elevational view, similar to FIG. 32, showing the bolt handle being assembled into operative position in the rile breech bolt;

FIG. 35 is a sectional view on the line 35-35 of FIG. 32;

FIG. 35a is a sectional view on the line 35%3561 of FIG. 32;

FIG. 36 is a side elevational view of the bolt handle retainer means employed with the bolt handle shown in FIG. 32;

FIG. 37 is a bottom plan view of the breech holt;

FIG. 38 is a perspective view of the magazine;

FIG. 39 is a side elevational view of a modified spring type bolt handle optionally employed in the rifle hereof;

FIG. 40 is a sectional elevational View of the rifle breech bolt showing the modified form of spring type bolt handle being assembled into operative position;

FIG. 4l is a sectional elevational view of the rie breech bolt showing the modified form of spring type bolt handle in its assembled operative position; and

FIGS. 42 and 43 are elevational and plan views respectfully of a bent up one-piece hammer.

In the following description and appended claims, various components and details thereof are identified by specic names for purposes of convenience, though such are intended to be as generic in their application as the art will permit.

In the numbering of parts, where the components are employed interchangeably in the rie and pistol, same carry the same number. Where any design change is involved, the component is numbered in the case of the pistol and the counterpart component is numbered and lettered in the case of the rifle. For example, the pistol barrel is identified as 2 and the rifle barrel is identified as 2a. In cases where a component is peculiar to the rifle alone, such component is numbered and lettered, with no counterpart component bearing the number alone being shown in the case of the pistol.

Referring now to the drawings more in detail, I have shown, in FIG. l, the general outline of a breech mechanism incorporated into a pistol in which certain parts have been broken away for the sake of clarity.

Said pistol includes the usual barrel 2, hollowed stock 4, and receiver 6.

Stock 4 may be formed of wood, plastic or equivalent material. There being no necessity for tangs, straps or other limiting factors, the grip may be configured to any desired shape such as the grip of a free pistol, `a flint lock or percussion pistol, a modern double-action revolver, or a Western type single-action revolver. may be provided in the form of a block wherefore the customer may configure it according to his own personal tastes.

Receiver 6 is preferentially, though not obligatorily, round in cross section, and is provided with a breech bolt bore 7 extending therethrough along its longitudinal axis and alignable and communicating with the bore of barrel Contrariwise, it

2. Said barrel and receiver are threadedly engageable with or pinned to each other in conventional manner, as desired. As in FIG. 6, the upper portion of receiver 6 is provided with a pair of spaced, elongated and parallel gripping slots extending therethrough and communicating with the breech bolt bore; a right hand gripping slot 8 and a left hand gripping slot 1), slot 8 functioning additionally as an ejector port.

In the bottom plan view of receiver 6 (FIG. 7), it will be observed that a forwardly-disposed magazine cut 239, extending vertically upwardly from the lower surface of the receiver and communicating with breech bolt bore 7 is provided, which magazine cut 239 communicates at one end thereof with a vertically-extending ejector slot 235. A rearwardly disposed hammer cut 236 is also provided in receiver 6 and same also extends vertically upwardly from the lower surface of the receiver and cornmunicates with breech bolt bore 7. A notch 240 extends through the upper and lower portions of the rear end of the receiver and acts as a guide for the rear housing extension 51.

A plurality of spaced, parallel, circumferentially-arranged, gripping grooves 12 are provided on the upper forward surface of a breech bolt 14 receivable within receiver 6 and reciprocable relative thereto during recoil and counter recoil, said grooves facilitating the grasping of said breech bolt through slots 8 and 10 for its manual rearward retraction against the tension of a hammer spring 15 and recoil spring 16.

As will appear, breech bolt 14 may be held in retracted or open position by retracting same rearwardly to its rearwardmost position and slightly rotating it in a counterclockwise direction.

Breech bolt 14 is so weighted as to retard recoil action sufficiently in order to allow the bullet to leave the barrel before said breech bolt is moved rearwardly any appreciable distance.

Recoil spring 16 is receivable in an elongated recoil spring bore extending into breech bolt 14 from the rear end thereof and along its longitudinal axis. The forward end of said spring confronts the forward end of said bore. The spring encircles a shank 30 of an elongated recoil spring guide which extends into the recoil spring bore sufficiently to function as a guide for the recoil spring.

' The forward end of said spring bears against the forward Wall of the recoil spring bore and the rearward end thereof bears against the shoulder of the head 31 of said recoil spring guide. The rearmost coil of the recoil spring is compressed slightly to retain the spring on the recoil guide during assembly.

The rifle, shown in FIG. 2 includes a barrel 2a, stock 4a, and receiver 6a. Stock 4a is preferably of the onepiece type and may be similar to any contemporary semiautornatic rifle stock. The gripping grooves in breech bolt 14 thereof and the left hand gripping slot in the receiver 6a thereof are here omitted, their functions being better served by a bolt handle 17a, as in FIGS. 32, 34, 35 and 35a and as in modified form 265m in FIGS. 39, 40 and 41.

An ejector, generally designated by 22 and shown in FIG. 19, includes a horizontally-extending base portion 23 and a vertically-extending guide portion 2d fixed thereto or integral therewith. Guide portion 24- is slidably receivable in a vertically-extending left hand magazine clearance cut 20 provided in breech bolt 14, as shown in FIGS. 16 and 37 to preclude rotation of the breech bolt within the receiver. A vertically-extending right hand magazine clearance cut 18 will also be seen in said FIGS. 16 and 37.

A forwardly-extending projection 26, adjacent the top edge of guide portion 24 overlies the upper-rearward edge of the magazine assembly, hereinafter described, for ejecting spent cartridges through slot 8 of receiver 6. See FIG. 1.

Head 31 of the recoil spring guide is provided with a rearwardly-facing spheriically-pointed.v detent 28` which abuts the forward face-of arear cap 32. Said forward.

serving to receive detent 2S when.the breech bolt hasbeen rotated counterclockwise, to the left, to locked open position. See FIG. 8.

With reference to FIGS. 8 Vand 9,A anupper portion 56 of the forward face of rear cap 32-is inset from Va lower portion 57 thereof to allow a clearancey for the rearward end of a firing pin 6) when breech bolt 14 is in retracted position as in FIG. 1. Alternatively, an .opening may be provided in the forward. face of said rear cap forsuch purpose.

The recoil spring guide is heldunder the tension of recoil spring 16 with its detent 2S being selectively nestable in one of the detent notches 34 and 36 in rear cap 32, as aforedescribed.

As aforementioned, the forward portion of the lower surface of breech bolt `1d is .provided with right and'left hand magazine clearance cuts 1S and Ztl respectively. A lower extremity 38 of cut 2) is recessed. adjacent its forward end to facilitate the rotation of breech bolt 14, and to provide a shoulder 42 in the breech bolt for holding same in the retracted or `open position, as aforementioned, through the contact of shoulder.42 against a rearwardly facing flat surface 4.0 on guide portion 24 of ejector 22. See FIG. 19. During this rotational movement of breech bolt 14, the spherical point of detent 28 is rotated in an arc from nesting position in notch 34 to nesting position in the notch 36, in which latter position it performs the function of holding breech bolt 14 in retracted position by preventing its shoulder 42 from being jarred out of contact with flat surface 4d.

To release breech bolt 14 from said retractedposition, it is necessary only to rotate same clockwise, to the right, to disengage shoulder 42 from flat surface 4u and to return detent 28 from nesting position .in notch 3&6 to nesting position in notch 34. So released, breech bolt 14,. tensioned by recoil spring 16 4is urged forwardly to battery..

Additionally, detent notch 34 also serves toy guide breech bolt 14 in its operating posit-ion momentarily when,

at its rearward position, `said breech bolt is disposed in such manner that the lower extremity 38.0f lefthandmagazine clearance cut 20 in breech -bolt14-prevents ejector 22 from functioning as a guide in said left hand magazine clearance cut 29.

Bolt handle 17a of the rie hereof servesas a means for gripping the breechbolt 14a to eect this rotation withA a corresponding result.

In the pistol, an extractor slot 46, as 1n FIGS. 16 and 17, allows the lingers to obtain a. firm rotational grip on breech bolt 14. A non-slip horizontal groove 43 is ,cutY

in the left side of breech bolt 14 to assist further in the gripping action during rotation.

As shown in FIG. 8, rear cap `32. is provided with a rearwardly-facing, vertically-extending slot 48 for nestably receiving an upper extremity 51 of the rearwardvertically-extending portion of a generally U-shaped spacer of the housing assembly. Said upper extremityrvSl of the spacer may be defined as a rear housing extension and its lower end merges into the rear end of a horizontallyextending trigger guard portion 52 of the spacer, the

face of rear housing ,extension 51 is provided witha rear.`

sight notch 54.

In the rifle of FIG. 2, a rear cap32a is .similarly re-. ceivable within the rear end of the receiver 6a, butI differs in that the vertically extending slot 48rdoes not exappearance.

unitary, if desired. Rear housing extension 51a doesnot' extend above the plane of the upper surface of receivera so as to provide a rear sight, asin the case of the pistol,` wherefore a separate rear sight may bemountedonthe top of the receiver or on the barrel in knownmanner:

The shortening of'rear vhousing extension'5'1a'andof:

reinforcement 64a are the only differences inthe-housing assemblies of the pistol and rifle.

Firing pin 60 will be observed, in FIG. 10,'to include `aI cylindrical forward portion 61and ay rectangular rearward portion 63. Portion I61 is receivable in a breech bolt firing pin opening 76B and Vportion 63 uis receivablein an aligned breech bolt firing pin slot '74, said slot "M being" disposed vertically below and in communication/with `the recoil spring bore.` See FIGS. 14 and 15.

The top planar'surface of portionl 63'of lthe tiring pin isV relieved so that yonlya rear end portion 77 and aforward end portion 78 extend'upwardly therefrom, which portions will bear upwardly against recoil spring 16 aligned` thereabove.

To prevent the rear end of firing pin 6i)l from jumping" upwardly, as same is driven forwardly by the hammer,l subsequently to be described, and/ orfrom exerting any undue pressure on the bottomof recoil springl, an angle cut 80 is provided on the forward face of a downwardlydepending firing pin retaining Alug 82 formatingwithI a,

complemental undercut S4 on the front end of va firing1 pin retaining cut S6 in breech bolt 14, as in FIG. 14. When-- said hammer has driven ring pin 60 to forwardmost -position, angle cut 80 strikes undercut 84 to prevent `any upward movement of said ring pin. A rearward face BSfof f lug 82 strikes a complemental rearward face-90of cut 86 to limit any rearward movement of said fringpin.t

The extractor, generally indicated vby 92 in FIG; 21,

comprises a unitary structure, preferably a stamping, hav-v ing a lug 94 extending outwardly in a direction transverse to its longitudinal axis, said lug consisting of a pair of ears on opposite sides of the extractor body-and being receivable in the extractor retaining opening 96 in breech -b'oltl4 14, as in FIG. 17. Y

Arearward extremity or tail 98-of extractor 92 is bent,

as shown, to provide a spring tension when said Aextractor is placed in the extractor opening 100i in breechbolt 14.!

Same permits the flexing of its forward extremity with; the movement of lug 94 into land out of locking positionffin` opening 96 and also provides tension to grasp the rim of.:

a shell or cartridge during extraction.

The forward extremityof extractor92 is bentk in: the.

form of an extractor hook 102and is juxtaposedv adjacent:

the forward face of breech bolt 14.

With reference to FIG. 4, a hammer pin164 lis provided to bear against an inner wall ofstock 4'so as to retain said pins relative to the housing. Small portions may-be extruded outwardly from the bodies of each of theham-1 mer and trigger pins adjacent the. enlarged heads andi corresponding notches may be cut in the periphery ofthehammer and trigger pin holestnot shown) ontheileftt hand side of the housing to prevent rotation of-saidlpinsf during movements of the hammer and trigger.

The housing assembly, generally indicated asl Sil-'infy FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, is preferentially -madeVfroin cold finish sheet stock and is of such configuration as to have a pair of spaced vertically extending left and right hand side plates 164 and 106 respectively, fixed as by weldments, brazing or rivets to opposite sides of said spacer, said plates being provided with outwardly extending bedding ears 108 and 114 respectively, and said plate 106 being additionally provided with an outwardly extending offset 110 to provide a clearance for the usual magazine loading button 112. See FIG. 2. Said odset may be omitted if a loading button is not used in the magazine. Said bedding ears S and 114 extend at right angles to the upper edge of the respective side plates and provide rigidity and stiffness thereto.

As in FIG. 5, an ejector support 116 extends as a web transversely between side plates 104 and 196 providing a support for the lowermost or under surface of base portion 23 of ejector 22, when said ejector is locked in position upon assembly, and it also acts as a forward stop for the hammer 129, when the housing assembly is disassembled from the receiver-barrel assembly.

A safety, generally indicated by 122 in FiG. 18, is provided with a pair of outwardly and oppositely extending ears 124, the bottoms of said ears being nestable in the respective safety slots 126 provide oppositely in said side plates 164 and 106. Said slots are so formed as to enable the fiat portion 12S of safety 122 to lie against the rear magazine wall portion 53 of the spacer. See PEG. 3l.

A finger portion 129 of safety 122 extends outwardly from the lower end of flat portion 128 thereof to facilitate manual engagement, as will appear subsequently. A shelf extends angularly outwardly from flat portion 12% and may comprise an inwardly-turned part of finger portion 129.

Left hand and right hand detent cuts 196 and 153 respectively are provided on opposite side edges of shelf 200.

The magazine assembly, generally indicated by 134 in FIG. 38, is conventional in structure and is releasably held in the usual cavity, as will appear.

A rearwardly extending lip 136 of the lower wall of magazine assembly 134 functions as a stop when said assembly is inserted into the firearm by engaging in a magazine stop notch 132 provided in the lower front face of trigger guard portion 52 of the spacer.

A magazine catch 144, shown in FIG. 20, includes a a lower end portion comprising a rearwardly-extending lip 142, a forwardly-extending finger 148, a slotted and flexible rnidsection 149 extending transverse to and upwardly from portions 142 and 143 and terminating at its opposite and upper end in a bend 153, and a forwardlyextending upper end portion 154.

When magazine assembly 134 is inserted into the firearm, camming surfaces 13S on opposite sides of a magazine retaining projecting 139, which extends outwardly from the forward wall 140 of said magazine assembly, cams lips 142 so that it moves forwardly as midsection 149 fiexes.

When magazine assembly 134 is fully in place, lip 142 snaps rearwardly, due to its inherent spring tension, and catches beneath the lowermost edges 146 of projection 139 to lock said magazine assembly in place.

Conversely, a forward pressure on finger 148 releases said magazine assembly so that same may be withdrawn from the gun.

Magazine catch 144 is held in place by the rounded rearward extremity 150 of a bedding plate 152 bearing upwardly against the lower portion of bend 153 in magazine catch 144, which in turn bears upwardly on the lower portion of the forwardly facing bend 156 at the top of the front wall 155 of the housing assembly disposed between side plates 104 and 106. See FIG. 11.

As in FIG. 13, bedding plate 152 comprises a bar of generally rectangular shape though it could be of other configuration, such as channel shaped, to effect a weight reduction therein as well as to strengthen same.

The pistol trigger mechanism has a variable contact notch (FIGS. 1 and 25-28) and the rifle trigger mechanism is of the conventional sear notch type (FIGS. 2 and 22-24), it being understood that the systems may be used interchangeably. As semi-automatic rifles generally possess hard and creepy pulls and as light and crisp pulls are especially desirable for pistols, the variable contact notch, offering superior pull, is herein shown in connection with the pistol.

In FIGS. 2 and 22, in the case of the rifle, breech bolt 14a is shown in forward position and hammer 12041 is shown as being under the full tension of hammer spring 15 so that the weapon is cocked in a ready-to-fire position.

Hammer a is bifurcated (see FIG. 22) at its rearward lowermost portion to provide a slot 162, at the forward and inner corner of which a socket or pocket of corresponding width is provided in communication therewith. Said socket has a forward rounded wall portion and a rearward rounded wall portion 161, which wall portions are connected by a relatively long and straight connecting wall portion.

The forwardly extending end portion 158 of hammer spring 15 is extendable through slot 162 and into the said hammer socket.

In FIG. 22, end portion 158 is seated against front wall portion 160 of the socket and hammer pin 164 is disposed at the bottom or normal position in an elongated pivot slot 166 in hammer 12041.

When the trigger 168a is pulled rearwardly, it pivots on trigger pin 170 to compress a coil-type trigger spring 172 nested within a downwardly-facing opening in the forward portion of said trigger. The uppermost coil of the trigger spring is opened slightly outwardly to cause it to be retained within said opening. The lower end of said trigger spring extends outwardly, beyond the trigger face, and has a lowermost dentent portion, the function of which will be hereinafter explained.

Simultaneously with the rearward pull of the trigger, sear point 174 on the upper edge of the trigger traverses in an arc downwardly out of mating relationship with a complemental sear notch in hammer 120a, whereby said hammer is caused to fall and pivot upon hammer pin 164 under the tension of hammer spring 1S.

As hammer 120a falls, the upwardly bent end portion 15S of hammer spring 15 rides from front wall portion 160 along the connecting wall portion to rear wall portion 161 of the socket to the position, shown in FIG. 23, where said hammer is in down position, having struck the rear end of firing pin 60, so that the cartridge is discharged, breech bolt 14a is ready for recoil, hammer pin 164 is at a bottom or normal position in elongated pivot slot 166, and trigger 168er is held back.

In `a blow-back type of firearm, considerable hammer spring pressure is desirable when the hammer face is embraced against the breech bolt so as to enable the force, required for the initial cooking of the hammer, to assist the breech bolt in retarding the explosion force. It is equally desirable to have less hammer spring pressure, when the hammer is in the full cocked position, to reduce the sear notch pressure and prevent the upper face of the hamer from binding on the lower portion of the breech bolt during counter recoil.

The closer the end portion 158 of hammer spring 15 to hammer pin 164, the more favorable the leverage for cooking the hammer and compressing the spring.

With end portion 158 in rear wall portion 161 of the socket, as in FIG. 23, the spring is in its most unfavorable leverage position relative to hammer cooking.

As the hammer approaches full cock, end portion 158 rides along the wall of the socket. When full cock is reached, said end portion is disposed in front wall portion 160 of the socket, as in FIGS. 2 and 24, so that the spring presses upwardly on the hammer against the breech bolt with its most unfavorable leverage.

A small notch (not shown) may be cut in the rear wall portion 161 of the socket to maintain end portion adsense 158 at a rearward position in the socketfor a longerl period while the hammer is being cocked. With this notch, as the hammer approaches full cock, apoint is reached where the upper forward portion of the hammer spring is no longer retained by the notch so that it snaps downwardly and forwardly to the front wall of the socket.

Hammer spring 1S, as best shown in FIG. 30, is of the mouse-trap type and has a rearward end provided with a pair of outwardly protruding fingers 184, each being pivotally receivable in a complementary opening 189 in the opposite side walls of the housing assembly and held therein by the outward inherent spring tension of the legs 186 of said spring.

As the hammer is being cocked, portion 158 of the hammer spring exerts an upward and a forward pressure on the hammer to maintain hammer pin 164 in bearing position upon the lower portion of elongated pivot slot 166.

Before the hammer reaches full cock, the end portion of the hammer spring initiates a downward and a forward pressure, to cause the hammer to slide r shift downwardly along pivot slot 166 so that hammer pin 164 is in the top portion of the pivot slot. The sear notch in hammer 129e is thus enabled to contact sear point 174 of trigger 168:1 to hold the hammer in full cock position as the breech bolt counter-recoils and during this interval, trigger 168a is held rearwardly.

As in FIG. 24, breech bolt 14a is in the rearmost position immediately before it reciprocates forwardly. During its counter-recoil, a cartridge is stripped from the top of the magazine assembly and is loaded into the breech in known manner.

When trigger 163e is released, trigger spring 172 urges the linger portion of the trigger forwardly and the front portion of the trigger rotatively to drive the hammer upwardly along elongated pivot slot 166, and to overcome the downward pressure exerted by end portion 158 of the hammer spring. In other words, the hammer moves in relation to the hammer pin from a position where the hammer pin is in the top of pivot slot 166 (as in FIG. 24) to a position where the hammer pin is in the bottom thereof (as in FIG. 22).

With reference once more to FIG. 22, same shows the tiring cycle completed with the breech bolt closed and the trigger in its forward, ready-to-re, position.

The sliding action of the end portion 158 of the hammer spring having been thus explained in this description of the conventional sear notch trigger-hammer mechanism, its functioning will not be repeated in the follow-V ing description of the variable contact notch triggerhammer mechanism as shown. for a pistol in FIGS. 25-28.

In FIG. 2S, breech bolt 14 is shown in forward position and hammer 120, under full tension of hammer spring 15, is shown as cocked, with the gun being in a readyto-iire position. Hammer pin 164 is at the bottom, or normal, position in pivot slot 166 in the hammer.

When the trigger is pulled, it pivots on trigger pin` 174i and compresses trigger spring 172. Sear point 174 of trigger 168 is moved downwardly out of its complemental sear notch in hammer 120 and the hammer falls, due to the tension of hammer spring 1S. When the hammer strikes the ring pin, the cartridge is discharged.

In FIG. 26, hammer 120 is shown in the down position, the cartridge having just been tired, with the breech bolt not yet started in its recoil.

Therefollowing, the breech bolt starts to recoil to the rear against the tension of recoil spring 16. Hammer pin 164 remains at the bottomor normalposition `of pivot slot 166, the trigger is held back, and the hammer is being cocked by the rearwardly moving breech bolt.

Hammer spring iingers 1S@ pivot in theirrespective openingsv 189 in the housing assembly and end portion 153 of the hammer spring exerts an upward, and also a.forward, pressure on the hammer to keep hammer pin'4 164'bear1ng on the lower portion of elongated pivotslot 166.A

Before the hammer reaches full cock, end. portion 158- ofhammer spring 15 begins to exert a downward, as well as a forward, pressure to urge the hammer to slide or shift downwardly along pivot slot 166.

The sear notch in hammer 121i contacts Sear point 174 of trigger 16S in manner such that, as the breech bolt starts its counter recoil, the sear point of the triggeris deeply engaged in the Sear notch of the hammer, during which time the trigger is held to therear.

The hammer pin is now in the top portion of the elongated pivot slot 166, as shown in FIG. 27, with the breech bolt to the rear, and the sear point of the trigger deeply engaged in the sear notch of the hammer. A

raised portion 1%?. of trigger 168 contacts the forwardA rounded surface of the hammer and the trigger is held` back.

The breech bolt then moves forward during counter recoil and the sear point of the trigger is deeply engaged in the sear notch of the hammer, as the trigger is held back, as in FIG. 28. i

The hammer and trigger are in the same relation to each other, as in FIG. 27, except that the sear notch of the hammer now bears on the sear point of the trigger.

When trigger 163 is released, trigger spring 172 urges the nger portion of the trigger` forwardly and the front portion thereof upwardly. Said raised portion 192fis in ,contact with the rounded surface of hammer soA arc and therefore pushes upwardly on the hammer (which slidesupwardly along the elongated pivot slot) a distance greater than that moved by the sear point.

Although the front end of the trigger and the hammer both move upwardly, the scar point of the trigger moves downwardly on the sear notch of the hammer.

This movement continues until the bottom portion of hammer pin 164 contacts the bottom of pivot slot 166, whereupon further upward movement of the hammer is precluded.

At this time, sear point 174 is in shallow engagement with the sear notch of the hammer, as shown in FIG. 25, and a iight, crisp, pull is thereby obtained when the trigger is pulled.

With reference once again to FIG. 25, the reloading` cycle has been completed and the gun is again readyto-iire.

As shown in FIG. 26, a safety sear notch 177 may be provided in the hammer so that, if the cocked hammer should be jarred DE of the sear point or" the trigger, when the trigger is not being pulledv in the act of ring,

the sear point of the trigger wiil catch in the safety sear notchof the hammer and the face of the hammerprevented from reaching the firing pin.

If a fairly heavy trigger spring is used and the gurlA into the deep notch position so as to' force the searpoint of the trigger downwardly against the pressure of the trigger spring. As the bolt proceeds to return to battery, it releases the overtravel of the hammer so that the sear point of the trigger contacts the hammer in the deep notch position. When the bolt, in its forward motion, no longer bears on the face of the hammer, the hammer is immediately pushed upwardly along the elongated slot by the force of the trigger spring as it pushes the Sear point of the trigger upwardly. Wfhen the harnmer is in its uppermost position (the hammer pin being at the bottom of the elongated slot), the sear point of the trigger is in shallow notch contact with the hammer and the trigger is ready to be pulled to discharge the firearm.

A flat raised portion 199 is provided on either trigger 168 or 168a to act as an over-travel stop for the hammer. As the center of the raised portion is on the vertical center line of the trigger pivot pin, no movement of the trigger will be felt if the hammer overtravels from the full cock position sufficiently so that the lower portion of the hammer contacts the raised portion of the trigger.

The lowermost outwardly extending end coils 173 of the trigger spring 172 are closed in and bent to form a detent point for the operation of safety 122, now to be explained.

Left hand detent cut 1% on shelf 2li@ of the safety serves to hold said safety in the safe position. Right hand detent cut 198 serves to hold said safety in the lire position. See FIG. 18. V/hen the safety is thrown to safe position with the hammer cocked, shelf 200 is disposed under a downwardly projected portion 2192 of the lower front end of the trigger and the top portion of safety 122 is held upwardly, against the downward tension of the trigger spring, by safety ears 124 bearing on the respective bottoms of slots 5.26 in side plates 104 and 166, all to preclude the pulling of the trigger.

When the safety is moved to the left, shelf 29@ is disposed under the cut-away portion 20S of the lower front end of trigger 168 so that the trigger may be pulled. After the trigger has been pulled, said cut-away portion 268 bears on shelf 2% and acts as a trigger stop.

When the conventional sear notch (FIGS. 22-24 incl.) is used, the stoppage occurs immediately after the trig* ger point is pulled out of the sear notch of the hammer.

When the variable contact scar notch (FIGS. 25-28 incl.) is used, there is a predetermined amount of overtravel of the trigger, after the trigger point has been pulled out of the scar notch of the hammer, before the stoppage occurs.

One function of the trigger safety is to act as an indicator to the operator that the gun is or is not cocked. When cocked, the scar point of the trigger is engaged in the sear notch of the hammer. In this position, the safety is free to move to the safe position. When pulled out of the sear notch and the gun is hred, the front end of the trigger assumes a slightly lov/er position so that a portion of the lower front end of the trigger blocks the movement of the safety to the safe position. Unable to move the safety, the operator knows that the gun is not cocked.

Using the conventional notch shown in FIG. 22, the gun is shown as cocked and ready to fire. As with most firearms of this type, the trigger point goes the usual depth into the sear notch of the hammer, resulting in a long, creepy, pull. This necessitates a long pull of the trigger and, because of this long pull, a considerable amount of interference from downwardly projected portion 2tl2 of trigger 16Sa is experienced, when and if the safety is attempted to be thrown with the hammer in the down position of FIG. 23.

As above stated, the trigger pull on the variable contact sear notch (FIGS. 25-28 incl.) can be made short and crisp.

When a very slight trigger movement is required to fire the weapon, the amount of interference which the downwardly projected portion of the trigger presents to l2 the safety, after the trigger has been pulled, is Very slight.

There is necessarily some over travel of the trigger after it has been pulled when the variable contact sear mechanism Iis used. T his over travel is used to advantage in the form of a hump 229 on the bottom of the hammer (shown in FIGS. 25-28 incl.). Although shown as a hump for convenient reference, it may be in the form of a continuous radius from the Sear notch to the top of the hump, as shown in FIG. 1. When the hammer falls, hump 229 keeps the lower front portion of the trigger in the over-traveled position. In this position, the hump causes portion 292 of the trigger to provide a surface to interfere with the throw of the safety approximately equal to the height of the hump.

The trigger pull on the variable contact sear has a certain predetermined amount of over-travel, as stated above, after the hammer has been released, the effect of which may be partially overcome, if desired, by a pair of trigger springs of opposite hands, one being disposed inside of the other. The inner spring with a closed in end detent portion, operates in the same manner as the single trigger spring but, just as the hammer is released by the sear, shelf 2&9 of the safety is contacted by the shorter and heavier outer spring (not shown) which extends just below the cut away lower portion of the trigger. As the trigger is further pulled rearwardly during over-travel, the heavier outer spring is also compressed and acts as a trigger buffer.

The hammer and trigger may be fabricated from laminations of sheet steel stampings which may be riveted. soldered, welded or brazed together. However, they may be made in any other manner and of any other material, all within the spirit of this invention. A hammer 220 may be made from bent up flat stock, as shown in FIGS. 42 and 43 with pocket 272 in approximately the same position as the pocket previously described. This pocket may be elongated, as shown, or round. If round, the end portion of the spring will not ride along the forward portion of the pocket during cooking, as previously described.

The assembling of the gun will now be explained.

Bedding plate 152, with its upper rounded end portion extending upwardly and rearwardly, is placed within stock 4. Assembly screw 293 is urged upwardly through an appropriate opening in the stock and is threadedly engaged with the bedding plate, until the middle relieved portion of the screw is free within the tapped hole 216 of the bedding plate. The function of said bedding plate, in cooperation with the screw, is to hold the barrelreceiver assembly, housing assembly, magazine catch, ejector, and stock, all locked together as a single assembled unit.

Magazine catch M4, with its lip 142 extending downwardly and rearwardly, is then placed over screw 203, the forwardly extending portion 154 of the magazine catch being provided with an opening therethrough of sufcient diameter to clear the threads of screw 203 as it is placed thereover.

It may be threaded and placed over the assembly screw in a manner similar to the bedding screw, if desired.

Safety 122 is then placed in the trigger housing against the rearward side of portion 53 of spacer, the safety being allowed to drop downwardly until ears 124 thereof are seated in slots 126 in the trigger housing.

Trigger spring 172 is placed in the trigger spring opening in the lower front portion of trigger 168, with the detent of the spring extending outwardly. The trigger is placed in position in the housing and trigger pin is pushed into the trigger pin opening from the left. Fingers 184 of hammer spring 15 are urged together and allowed to snap outwardly' into corresponding openings 189 in the trigger housing.

Being sure that the safety is in the fire position, the forward end of the hammer spring is placed in spring slot 't3` 162 of hammer 12tland the upwardly cur-ved end portion is seated in the socket at the forward end of said slot. The hammer may now be pushed into position and hammer pin 164 assembled in place from the left side. The trigger housing assembly is now complete.

Tail 98 of extractor 92 is placed in extractor opening Mill in the breech bolt and extractor hook 102 is pulled outwardly while the extractor is pushed into position. When lug 94 is aligned with opening 96 in the breech bolt, the lug snaps into the opening due to the spring tension throughout the length of the extractor. Projection 26 of ejector 22. is placed in ejector slot 235 in the lower side of the receiver 6 (see FlG. 7) and the rear of the ejector is swung toward the receiver until the upper face of base portion 23 of the ejector contacts the bottom portion of receiver 6.

Ejector slot 235 in the receiver 6 is provided with a shoulder 253 which functions as a stop to prevent forward movement of the ejector during assembly.

Firing pin o is inserted into breech bolt ldso that its forward striking point extends through tiring pin opening 70. When in its most forward position, firing pin retaining lug 82 drops into firing pin retaining cut 85 of the breech bolt.

Recoil spring 16 is assembled loosely upon shankl 30 of the recoil spring guide. The breech bolt is now inserted into the receiver with the left hand magazine clearance cut sliding over the top of the ejector. The rearward end of the ejector meanwhile is held against the bottom of the receiver with a finger. Recoil spring 16 is compressed upon shank 30 of the recoil spring guide. With the breech bolt in the rear position in the receiver,

the compressed spring on the recoil spring guide is placed` in the recoil spring hole, with end 28 of the guide facing to the rear. The spring is released and the bolt is allowed to move forwardly while the rear end 2S is retained by a finger. Rear cap 32 is placed over the end of the recoil spring guide and is pushed into the receiver until further movement is precluded by the shoulder on the cap.

The trigger housing assembly is held in one hand and the barrel-receiver assembly in the other, with the rear cap and the ejector being held in place by the hand holding the receiver. Holding the barrel-receiver assembly, slot d8 in the rear cap is placed on the rear housing extension. The front end of the barrel is then swung into place.

The combined barrel-receiver and trigger housing assemblies are now placed in the stock and with all of the components in place, the assembly screw 203 is threadedly engaged with appropriately aligned openings in the receiver and/or barrel, as shown.

As the assembly screw is tightened, the receiver-barrel assembly is pulled downwardly and forward end 2.14 of the bedding plate contacts the lower portieri of the barre The bedding plate pivots on fulcrum ZlZ of the stock; The rounded end S' of'the bedding plate pushes upwardly against the bottom of bend 153 of magazine catch fdd. The top of the bend of the magazine catch in turn pushes upwardly on the bend between the vertically extending and horizontally extending portions l55 and 156 respectively of the front wall of the trigger housing while the complete barrel and receiver assembly is being pulled downwardly by the assembly screw.

As the housing assembly is pushed upwardly in relation to the receiver by the action of the end 159 of the bedding plate, the angle of the rear magazine wall` bears on the angle of the lower front end 237 of the ejector to provide a wedging action thus locking-the componentsirmlyto-`v gether.

Simultaneously, the barrel-receiver assembly and the bedding plate, being forced upwardly at the front, pivot on the stock fulcrum and force the rear end of the receiver downwardly against the angles of the housing ears 22?.. See FIG. 4. A final tightening of the assembly screw forces the front end of the barrel downwardly as the aforementioned wedging action continues.

Further pressure, as the assembly screw is tightened, forces the housing ears rrnly against the ear bedding surfaces 20d of the stock upon which the bedding ears of the further wedging action when therear of the housing` contacts the recoil shoulder.

rfhe complete assembly is now locked in the stock, the assembly screw exerting downward pressure, the bedding plate bearing on the fulcrum of the stock and the housing ears bearing on the ear bedding surface of the stock. The lower front end of the receiver bears ony front housing extension 156 of housing 5t? and the lower rear of the receiver bears on the angle of housing ears 222, and the rear ofthe housing bears on the recoil shoulder of the stock.` ee FIGS. l and 4.

The trigger housing and barrel-receiver assembly are locked together against relative longitudinal-movement by rear housing extension 5l bearing on the rear cap and the upper end of the rear magazine wall bearing on the angle of the lower front end '237 of the ejector. The lower rear end guide portion 24 in turn bears against the rear of ejector slot 235 in the bottom of the receiver 6.

The uppermost end 53 of the rear magazine wall is receivable in magazine cut 239 `in the bottom of the receiver. See HG. 7.

The base portion 23 of ejector 22 is locked solidly in place between the bottom of receiver 6, which bears on the top portion of the base of the ejector, and ejector support portion lilo of the trigger housing, upon which The barrel is now free floating in the stock forwardly of front portion 214 of the bedding plate and the rear` portion of the trigger housing assembly bears on recoil shoulder 2% of stock d.

On the rifle, assembly screw 2% may be threadedly engaged with the lower rear portion of the barrel, as shown in FIG. 2. In this instance, bedding plate Za is preferably of greater width and length so as to provide increased strength, and greater holding leverage. n

In the case of the rifle, a bolt handle retainer 25% is disposed in a longitudinally extending openingZSZa provided in bolt handle 17a.

Retainer ZStla is provided with a curved forward 'end portion 248a which terminates in a downwardly extending tab 254g. The curved portion 24841 provides necessary spring tension while tab 254e acts as a retaining lug upon engagement in an opening 253a provided in theV bolt handle. See FIGS. 32 and 36.

As seen in HG. 34, tab 254e has been raised from its engagement in opening 253e in the bolt handle, while the rearward extremity 255:1y of the retainer now rests completely within the bolt handle.

The bolt handle may now be inserted into slo-t 24251.

provided in breech bolt 14a by holding the bolt handle at an angle as shown in FIG. 34 and insertinga lug 244e extending forwardly therefrom into a recess or undercut portionlfia provided at the forward extremity of slot 242e.

When the bolt handle is fully seatedl in slot 242m, as shown in HG. 32, curved portion Edda of the retainer is urged rearwardly whereby rearward extremity 255e is moved rearwardly into recess 2:76a provided at the rearward extremity of slot 242e.

As retainer 25nd is urged rearwardly relative to the bolt handle, tab 254:1 is also moved rearwardly and upi wardly along curved forward edge 257a of the bolt handle until it reaches opening 25351 whereupon it snaps thereinto, being under the tension of curved portion 248e, to hold the retainer in place relative to the bolt handle and thereby to lock the bolt handle in place.

To remove the bolt handle from its engagement in slot 24211 of the breech bolt, tab 25411 is lifted from its engagement in opening 25311, by grasping portion 259g, and the retainer is pulled forwardly until the end 255e thereof is clear of the recess 25661 at the rear of slot 24251, at which time the rear of the bolt handle may be raised upwardly and then pulled rearwardly out of slot 24251.

As a modified form of bolt handle for the rie, a spring type bolt handle 260e is shown in FIG. 39. Same is formed from flat spring stock of essentially the same width as slot 21-2a in the breech bolt 14a and may be placed in said slot instead of the solid bolt handle 17a.

FlG. 40 shows the spring type bolt handle being assembled in place. The front tab 262m is placed in the front under cut of the slot Zai-2a and the curved end 264e of the locking arm 266m is pulled upward and the rear leg 2680 is pressed forward until the rear tab 270:1 can be pushed downward into the slot 24211 at which time the leg 26311 is released and the rear tab 270e snaps into the rear under cut of the slot, due to its inherent spring tension. The locking arm then springs downward and the rear of the curved end 26% bears against the forward lower portion of the rear leg Zda blocking its forward movement and securely locking the spring type bolt handlc in the bolt 14a, as shown in FIG. 4l.

To remove the spring type bolt handle from the bolt, the top portion of the curved end 26451 is grasped and pulled upwardly. When in the upper position, the lower end of the rear leg 268e is pushed forward enabling the rear tab 27011 to clear the rear under cut at which time the rear leg can then be lifted upwardly and when clear of the slot allowed to snap rearwardly. The front tab 26261 may then be moved rearwardly and the spring type bolt handle removed from the bolt.

Although, in the drawings and in the above description, I have shown two optional but preferred embodiments of my invention and various alternatives and modifications thereof, it is to be understood that these are not intended to be exhaustive of nor limiting of nor departing from the spirit of the invention. That is, the objects of the invention may be attained by use of constructions different in certain respects from that disclosed such as in size, form, proportion and the like without departing from its underlying principles and it is understood that such will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Such adaptations and/ or changes should be and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning range of equivalence of the claims appended below.

Without further analysis, the foregoing is intended to so fully reveal the gist of my invention and the construction and operation of the device thereof that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily adapt it for various applications without omitting features which, from the standpoint of prior art, fairly constitute essential characteristics of the generic or specic aspects of this invention. Therefore, such adaptations should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning range of equivalence of the claims below.

The following claims are desired to include within the scope of the invention all such suitable variations, modilcations and equivalents by which substantially the results of the invention may be obtained through the use of substantially the same or equivalent devices or means.

Accordingly, limitation of this invention should be made only as determined by a proper interpretation of the terms used in the subjoined claims.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new and novel and is desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

l. In a rearm comprising, a receiver-barrel assembly including a barrel and a receiver, a stock, a trigger housing including a front wall, a bedding plate nestablc in said stock, an assembly screw extendable through said stock and bedding plate and threadedly engageable with said receiver-barrel assembly for maintaining said trigger housing in locked relationship .to said receiver-barrel assembly, said bedding plate having a forward extremity bearable upwardly upon the lower portion of the barrel of said receiver-barrel assembly and a rearward extremity bearable upwardly on the front wall of said trigger housing as said assembly screw is tightened in elfectuating downward movement of said receiver-barrel assembly.

2. In the firearm as set forth in claim l including a unitary magazine catch having an upper portion Xedly held between the rearward extremity of said bedding plate and the front wall of said trigger housing.

3. ln the firearm as set forth in claim 1 including bedding ears on said trigger housing for assisting in locking said receiver-barrel assembly to said trigger housing and stock.

4. In the firearm as set forth in claim l including, an ejector with a lower forwardly inclined surface to assist in the camming and locking action of said barrel-receiver assembly to said trigger housing and stock.

5. In the firearm as set forth in claim 1 including a rear cap, an upwardly extending rear housing extension receivable in a slot in said rear cap to assist in the camming and locking action of said receiver-barrel assembly to said trigger housing and stock.

6. In the firearm as set forth in claim 1 including, an upwardly extending fulcrurn on said stock to assist in the locking together of said stock, receiver-barrel assembly and trigger housing.

7. In the firearm as set forth in claim 4 including, an ejector support in said trigger housing.

8. ln the firearm as set forth in claim 4 including, a rear magazine wall bearing on the front end of said ejector.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 853,438 5/07 Browning 42-16 1,083,384 1/14 Browning 42-75 1,403,133 1/22 Stokke 42-75 2,033,803 3/ 36 Anderson 42-69 2,205,857 6/40 Marchand 42-75 2,302,059 11/42 Roemer 42-75 2,335,600 11/43 Mossberg 42-75 2,339,331 1/44 Grigg 42-75 2,373,622 4/45 Williams 42-75 2,454,885 11/48 Robinson 42-16 2,458,647 1/49 Sampson et al 42-l6 2,590,862 4/ 52 Huppert 42-69 2,649,800 8/53 Peters 42-16 2,750,700 6/ 56 Harvey 42-75 2,765,563 10/56 Roper et al 42-75 2,818,669 1/58 Perry et al l2-16 FOREIGN PATENTS 655,125 7/51 Great Britain.

BENJAMIN A. BORCHELT, Primary Examiner. 

1. IN A FIREARM COMPRISING, A RECEIVER-BARREL ASSEMBLY INCLUDING A BARREL AND A RECEIVER, A STOCK, A TRIGGER HOUSING INCLUDING A FRONT WALL, A BEDDING PLATE NESTABLE IN SAID STOCK, AN ASSEMBLY SCREW EXTENDABLE THROUGH SAID STOCK AND BEDDING PLATE AND THREADEDLY ENGAGEABLE WITH SAID RECEIVER-BARREL ASSEMBLY FOR MAINTAINING SAID TRIGGER HOUSING IN LOCKED RELATIONSHIP TO SAID RECEIVER-BARREL AS- 